Libro de Visitas

Alfredlor

30 Jun 2025 - 05:21 am

UK project trials carbon capture at sea to help tackle climate change
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The world is betting heavily on carbon capture — a term that refers to various techniques to stop carbon pollution from being released during industrial processes, or removing existing carbon from the atmosphere, to then lock it up permanently.

The practice is not free of controversy, with some arguing that carbon capture is expensive, unproven and can serve as a distraction from actually reducing carbon emissions. But it is a fast-growing reality: there are at least 628 carbon capture and storage projects in the pipeline around the world, with a 60% year-on-year increase, according to the latest report from the Global CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) Institute. The market size was just over $3.5 billion in 2024, but is projected to grow to $14.5 billion by 2032, according to Fortune Business Insights.
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Perhaps the most ambitious — and the most expensive — type of carbon capture involves removing carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from the air, although there are just a few such facilities currently in operation worldwide. Some scientists believe that a better option would be to capture carbon from seawater rather than air, because the ocean is the planet’s largest carbon sink, absorbing 25% of all carbon dioxide emissions.

In the UK, where the government in 2023 announced up to ?20 billion ($26.7 billion) in funding to support carbon capture, one such project has taken shape near the English Channel. Called SeaCURE, it aims to find out if sea carbon capture actually works, and if it can be competitive with its air counterpart.

“The reason why sea water holds so much carbon is that when you put CO2 into the water, 99% of it becomes other forms of dissolved carbon that don’t exchange with the atmosphere,” says Paul Halloran, a professor of Ocean and Climate Science at the University of Exeter, who leads the SeaCURE team.

“But it also means it’s very straightforward to take that carbon out of the water.”

Pilot plant
SeaCURE started building a pilot plant about a year ago, at the Weymouth Sea Life Centre on the southern coast of England. Operational for the past few months, it is designed to process 3,000 liters of seawater per minute and remove an estimated 100 tons of CO2 per year.

“We wanted to test the technology in the real environment with real sea water, to identify what problems you hit,” says Halloran, adding that working at a large public aquarium helps because it already has infrastructure to extract seawater and then discharge it back into the ocean.

The carbon that is naturally dissolved in the seawater can be easily converted to CO2 by slightly increasing the acidity of the water. To make it come out, the water is trickled over a large surface area with air blowing over it. “In that process, we can constrict over 90% of the carbon out of that water,” Halloran says.

Austinglymn

30 Jun 2025 - 12:14 am

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Jeffreyadurn

29 Jun 2025 - 08:13 pm

Curve Finance: Leading DeFi Liquidity and Stablecoin Protocol
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Curve Finance is a decentralized exchange (DEX) optimized for stablecoin and low-volatility asset trading. Known for its efficient liquidity pools and low slippage, Curve has become a cornerstone in the DeFi ecosystem for stable asset swaps and liquidity provision.

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Curve Fi refers to the platform's core protocol that enables users to swap stablecoins and other similar assets with minimal slippage and low fees. It leverages specialized liquidity pools to facilitate efficient trading.

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Curve finance crypto encompasses the native tokens (such as CRV), liquidity provider tokens, and other assets within the Curve ecosystem. These tokens are used for governance, staking, and earning rewards.

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A Curve liquidity pool is a smart contract that holds assets like stablecoins or similar tokens, allowing users to deposit and earn fees or rewards. These pools are optimized for low slippage and high efficiency, supporting large trading volumes.

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While primarily known for liquidity provision and swaps, Curve also supports borrowing mechanisms indirectly through integrations with lending protocols like Aave or Compound, where users can collateralize assets and borrow against their liquidity pool tokens.

Alexrog

29 Jun 2025 - 07:40 pm

Как зайти на сайт Kraken с зеркал
В Даркнете сайт Kraken считается крупнейшей площадкой для покупки запрещённых вещей. Перейти на него обычным способом не всегда получается. И пользователям нужно найти другие пути доступа. Один из самых удобных – зеркала. Пользоваться ими так же просто, как официальным сайтом, а для доступа не нужны ни Тор, ни VPN.
Для чего нужны зеркала сайта
Кроме свободного доступа к заблокированной площадке, зеркала выполняют несколько дополнительных функций:
• снижают вероятность обрыва связи – трафик идёт на зеркало, разгружая саму площадку;
• продолжают функционировать, если Кракен временно прекращает работу – из-за хакерских атак или техобслуживания серверов;
• не требуют для входа браузера Тор.
Зеркало ничем не отличается от основного сайта и предоставляет аналогичные функции. Скорость доступа остаётся без изменений, других программ или браузеров не требуется. Пользователи входят с таким же логином и паролем, который применяется на Кракен.
Два типа зеркальных сайтов для сервиса Kraken
У сервиса Kraken есть два типа зеркал. Первые – для обычного браузера, без необходимости использовать Тор. Их минус – сравнительно небольшая анонимность. Трафик остаётся в браузере – и доступен мошенникам.
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Возможности зеркал кракен наркотики Кракена
Применяющему зеркала площадки посетителю доступны:
• любые покупки;
• разговоры с другими пользователями;
• обращение в техподдержку;
• открытие собственного бизнеса;
• пополнение Bitcoin-счёта.
Возможности зеркал для Тор и для любых других веб-обозревателей одинаковые. Дизайн, настройки профиля и ссылки те же, что на Кракен.
Как узнать , что ссылка не фейк
Вид фейковых ресурсов, имитирующих сервис Kraken, напоминает интерфейс оригинального ресурса. Списки продавцов и другие ссылки без заметных на первый взгляд отличий. Но, если пополнить счёт профиля средства перейдёт не продавцу, а мошенникам.
Чтобы этого не произошло, ссылки следует искать на надёжных ресурсах. Это гарантирует получение наличие клада в указанном месте. А ещё – обеспечивает реальную поддержку покупателей сервиса Kraken.

Michaelcappy

29 Jun 2025 - 07:40 pm

The CO2 that is extracted from the water is run through a purification process that uses activated carbon in the form of charred coconut husks, and is then ready to be stored.
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In a scaled up system, it would be fed into geological CO2 storage. Before the water is released, its acidity is restored to normal levels, making it ready to absorb more carbon dioxide from the air.

“This discharged water that now has very low carbon concentrations needs to refill it, so it’s just trying to suck CO2 from anywhere, and it sucks it from the atmosphere,” says Halloran. “A simple analogy is that we’re squeezing out a sponge and putting it back.”

While more tests are needed to understand the full potential of the technology, Halloran admits that it doesn’t “blow direct air capture out the water in terms of the energy costs,” and there are other challenges such as having to remove impurities from the water before releasing it, as well as the potential impact on ecosystems. But, he adds, all carbon capture technologies incur high costs in building plants and infrastructure, and using seawater has one clear advantage: It has a much higher concentration of carbon than air does, “so you should be able to really reduce the capital costs involved in building the plants.”
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Mitigating impacts
One major concern with any system that captures carbon from seawater is the impact of the discharged water on marine ecosystems. Guy Hooper, a PhD researcher at the University of Exeter, who’s working on this issue at the SeaCURE site, says that low-carbon seawater is released in such small quantities that it is unlikely to have any effect on the marine environment, because it dilutes extremely quickly.

However, that doesn’t mean that SeaCURE is automatically safe. “To understand how a scaled-up version of SeaCURE might affect the marine environment, we have been conducting experiments to measure how marine organisms respond to low-carbon seawater,” he adds. “Initial results suggest that some marine organisms, such as plankton and mussels, may be affected when exposed to low-carbon seawater.”

To mitigate potential impacts, the seawater can be “pre-diluted” before releasing it into the marine environment, but Hooper warns that a SeaCURE system should not be deployed near any sensitive marine habitats.

There is rising interest in carbon capture from seawater — also known as Direct Ocean Capture or DOC — and several startups are operating in the field. Among them is Captura, a spin off from the California Institute of Technology that is working on a pilot project in Hawaii, and Amsterdam-based Brineworks, which says that its method is more cost-effective than air carbon capture.
According to Stuart Haszeldine, a professor of Carbon Capture and Storage at the University of Edinburgh, who’s not involved with SeaCURE, although the initiative appears to be more energy efficient than current air capture pilot tests, a full-scale system will require a supply of renewable energy and permanent storage of CO2 by compressing it to become a liquid and then injecting it into porous rocks deep underground.

He says the next challenge is for SeaCURE to scale up and “to operate for longer to prove it can capture millions of tons of CO2 each year.”

But he believes there is huge potential in recapturing carbon from ocean water. “Total carbon in seawater is about 50 times that in the atmosphere, and carbon can be resident in seawater for tens of thousands of years, causing acidification which damages the plankton and coral reef ecosystems. Removing carbon from the ocean is a giant task, but essential if the consequences of climate change are to be controlled,” he says.

Hhangtush

29 Jun 2025 - 06:14 pm

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Jameslew

29 Jun 2025 - 12:49 pm

Study reveals how much energy AI uses to answer your questions
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Whether it’s answering work emails or drafting wedding vows, generative artificial intelligence tools have become a trusty copilot in many people’s lives. But a growing body of research shows that for every problem AI solves, hidden environmental costs are racking up.

Each word in an AI prompt is broken down into clusters of numbers called “token IDs” and sent to massive data centers — some larger than football fields — powered by coal or natural gas plants. There, stacks of large computers generate responses through dozens of rapid calculations.

The whole process can take up to 10 times more energy to complete than a regular Google search, according to a frequently cited estimation by the Electric Power Research Institute.
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So, for each prompt you give AI, what’s the damage? To find out, researchers in Germany tested 14 large language model (LLM) AI systems by asking them both free-response and multiple-choice questions. Complex questions produced up to six times more carbon dioxide emissions than questions with concise answers.

In addition, “smarter” LLMs with more reasoning abilities produced up to 50 times more carbon emissions than simpler systems to answer the same question, the study reported.

“This shows us the tradeoff between energy consumption and the accuracy of model performance,” said Maximilian Dauner, a doctoral student at Hochschule Munchen University of Applied Sciences and first author of the Frontiers in Communication study published Wednesday.

Typically, these smarter, more energy intensive LLMs have tens of billions more parameters — the biases used for processing token IDs — than smaller, more concise models.

“You can think of it like a neural network in the brain. The more neuron connections, the more thinking you can do to answer a question,” Dauner said.
What you can do to reduce your carbon footprint
Complex questions require more energy in part because of the lengthy explanations many AI models are trained to provide, Dauner said. If you ask an AI chatbot to solve an algebra question for you, it may take you through the steps it took to find the answer, he said.

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29 Jun 2025 - 09:58 am

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Sanigapse

29 Jun 2025 - 06:21 am

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Henrywaync

29 Jun 2025 - 03:38 am

NASA scientists are in a state of anxious limbo after the Trump administration proposed a budget that would eliminate one of the United States’ top climate labs – the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, or GISS – as a standalone entity.
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In its place, it would move some of the lab’s functions into a broader environmental modeling effort across the agency.

Career specialists are now working remotely, awaiting details and even more unsure about their future at the lab after they were kicked out of their longtime home in New York City last week. Closing the lab for good could jeopardize its value and the country’s leadership role in global climate science, sources say.

“It’s an absolute sh*tshow,” one GISS scientist said under condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to the media. “Morale at GISS has never been lower, and it feels for all of us that we are being abandoned by NASA leadership.”

“We are supposedly going to be integrated into this new virtual NASA modeling institute, but (we have) no idea what that will actually look like,” they said.

NASA is defending its budget proposal, with a nod toward the lab’s future.
“NASA’s GISS has a significant place in the history of space science and its work is critical for the Earth Science Division, particularly as the division looks to the future of its modeling work and capabilities,” NASA spokesperson Cheryl Warner said in a statement.

“Fundamental contributions in research and applications from GISS directly impact daily life by showing the Earth system connections that impact the air we breathe, our health, the food we grow, and the cities we live in,” Warner said.

GISS has a storied history in climate science on the global scale.

James Hansen, a former director, first called national attention to human-caused global warming at a Senate hearing during the hot summer of 1988. The lab, founded in 1961, is still known worldwide for its computer modeling of the planet that enable scientists to make projections for how climate change may affect global temperatures, precipitation, extreme weather events and other variables.